Addiction

Addictions can be viewed as fitting into two categories of dependence.  The first is based on physical dependence which is characterized by symptoms of withdrawal, and the second is based on psychological dependence. 

Addictions of all types are a major problem all over the world.  Below I have tried to provide information on the major types of addictive problems.

Drug and alcohol addiction includes dependence on alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, inhalants, cannabis, phencyclidine, caffeine, and a wide variety of other substances).  When these substances are ingested, they cross the blood-brain barrier and alter the natural chemical behavior of the brain.

Food addiction is characterized by compulsive eating and an obsession with weight and body image. Persons with a food addiction display an obsession with, and craving for, food and eating, a preoccupation with finding sources of food associated with pleasure and comfort, a compulsive cycle of eating, and the lack of an ability to stop abusing food.

Legalized gambling is one of the fastest growing industries in the United States. Billboards on major highways depict the action and excitement available at gambling facilities. For most of the industry's patrons, gambling is fun and a form of harmless entertainment. However, for the 4% to 6% of gamblers who become problem or pathological (compulsive) gamblers, it can be a devastating illness that negatively affects every aspect of their lives.

As a diagnosis, internet addiction is still in its infancy.  However, professionals recognize that internet abuse is a problem that affects many people. Use of the internet can disrupt a person's emotional, social, financial and occupational life in the same way as other well-documented addictions such as gambling, sexual addiction, eating disorder, and alcoholism.

These addictions can take up tremendous amounts of a persons time and energy. The addictions are constantly fed by the sex and advertising industries.   When the addict acts out, there is a denial of feelings which is then usually followed by despair, shame, depression, confusion, and/or a feeling of hopelessness. A key feature of sexually related addictions is its obsessive and unmanageable nature.

It is estimated that the U.S. credit card debt is greater than six hundred billion dollars. An individual who is suffering from a spending addiction pays whatever it takes to get whatever he/she wants. With the heavy use and ease of obtaining credit cards, an individual with this addiction believes that he/she can go on forever. This form of behavior can eventually lead to chronic depression, financial ruin and bankruptcy.

Work addiction affects both men and women.  A work addiction is not the same as working hard or putting in long hours. Working long and hard, and deriving satisfaction from the work and the result, does not make someone a work addict. Hard workers generally have some balance in their lives while work addicts do not. The hard worker may sit at their desks and may think about skiing or tennis. The workaholic is on the ski slopes or on the tennis court, but is still thinking about work.